AGRICULTURE
Class 10 geography
Chapter 4
important term and notes for board.
Cbse, state and other board exam
Important term
1.Primitive Substance Agriculture is practised with small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, Dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour. This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.
2. Slash and Burn Agriculture is a method of agriculture used in the tropics, in which forest vegetation is felled and burned, the land is cropped for a few years, then the forest is allowed to reinvade.
3. Intensive Subsistence Agriculture is a method of agriculture, where farmers get more food per acre compared to other subsistence farming methods. This allows farmers to make the most of each harvest.
4. Plantation usually a large farm or estate, especially in a tropical or semitropical country, on which cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, or the like is cultivated, usually by resident labourers.
5. Commercial Farming: Farming for a profit, where food is produced by advanced technological means for sale in the market.
6. Cropping Pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time.
7. Fodder Crops: Crops that are cultivated primarily for animal feed. By extension, natural grasslands and pastures are included whether they are cultivated or not.
8. Tube Wells: A well consisting of an iron pipe with a solid steel point and lateral perforations near the end, which is driven into the earth until a water-bearing stratum is reached, when a suction pump is applied to the upper end.
9. Millets: A cereal grown in warm countries and regions with poor soils, bearing a large crop of small seeds which are chiefly used to make flour.
10. Pulses are part of the legume family, but the term 'pulse' refers only to the dried seed. Dried peas, edible beans, lentils and chickpeas are the most common varieties of pulses.
Pulses are very high in protein and fibre, and are low in fat.
11. Non-food Crops: An industrial crop, also called a non-food crop, is a crop grown to produce goods for manufacturing, for example - of fibre for clothing, rather than food for consumption.
12. GDP: Gross Domestic product is the total monetary value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year or over a specific time period.
13. Public Distribution System is a government-sponsored chain of shops entrusted with the work of distributing basic food and non-food commodities to the needy sections of the society at very cheap prices.
14. Food Corporation of India: FCI is a statutory body established via Food Corporation Act 1964 to meet the following objectives of the Food Policy: Effective price support operations for safeguarding the interests of the farmers. Distribution of food grains throughout the country for public distribution system.
15. BPL (Below Poverty Line) is an economic benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which from state to state and within states.
16. MSP: Minimum Support Price is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices.
MSP is price fixed by Government of India to protect the producer - farmers - against excessive fall in price during bumper production years.
17. Globalisation: The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
18. Bio-diversity: The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat a high level of which is usually considered to be important and desirable.
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